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Abstract
This paper describes a simple, novel and effective implementation and demonstration of sensor validation algorithms for three different and widely used signals for a safety critical embedded application. The challenge in this work was to develop the proposed algorithms with the hardware and system requirement constraints and when there were no off-the-shelf algorithms for this application. The algorithms are developed for analog, discrete and ARINC signals without compromising on the simplicity, reliability and safety. The correctness of these algorithms is verified and validated by means of rigorous laboratory tests and flight trials.
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References
- Ray, A. and Luck, R., "An Introduction to Sensor Signal Validation in Redundant Measurement Systems", IEEE Control Systems, pp. 44-49, February 1991.
- Holbert, K.E., Heger, A.S. and Ishaque, A.M., "Fuzzy Logic for Power Plant Signal Validation", Proceedings of the Ninth Power Plant Dynamics, Control and Testing Symposium, May 1995.
- Bickford, R.L., Bickmore, T.W., Meyer, C.M. and Zakrajsek, J., "Realtime Sensor Validation for Propulsion Systems", AIAA Defense and Civil Space Programs Conference and Exhibit, October 1998.
- Bickford, R.L., Bickmore, T.W. and Caluori, V.A., "Real-time Sensor Validation for Autonomous Flight Control", AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, July 1997.
- Goebel, K.F. and Agogino, A.M., "Sensor Validation and Fusion Forautomated Vehicle Control Using Fuzzy Techniques", Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, Vol.123, pp.145-146, March 2001.
- Napolitano, M.R., Windon, D.A., Casanova, J.L., Innocenti, M. and Silvestri, G., "Kalman Filters and Neural Network Schemes for Sensor Validation in Flight Control Systems", IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol.6, No.5, pp.596-611, September 1998.
- Ibargengoytia, P.H., Sucar, L.E. and Vadera, S., "Real Time Intelligent Sensor Validation", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.16, No.4, pp.770-775, November 2001.
- Kasemsumran, S., Du, Y. -P., Li, B. -Y., Maruod, K. and Ozaki, Y., "Moving Window Cross Validation: A New Cross Validation Method for the Selection of a Rational Number of Components in a Partial Least Squares Calibration Model", The Analyst, Royal Society of Chemistry, Vol.131, pp.529-537, 2006.
- Chafouk, H., Hoblos, G., Langlois, N., Gonidec, S.L. and Ragot, J., "Soft Computing Algorithm to data Validation in Aerospace Systems Using Parity Space Approach", Journal of Aerospace Engineering, pp.165-171, July 2007.
- Wang, X. and Holbert, K.E., "A Neural Network Realization of Linear Least-square Estimate for Sensor Validation", Proceedings of the Ninth Power Plant Dynamics, Control and Testing Symposium, May 1995, pp.15.01-15.15.
- Heimdahl, M.P., "Safety and sOftware Intensive Systems: Challenges Old and New", An International Conference on Software Engineering, May 2007, pp.137-152.
- Zhang, Y.M. and Li, X.R., "Detection and Diagnosis of Sensor and Actuator Failures Using Imm Estimator", IEEE Tansactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol.34, No.4, pp.1293-1313, October 1998.
- Bickford, R.L., Bickmore, T.W., Meyer, C.W. and Zakrajsek, J.F., "Real Time Flight Data Validation for Rocket Engines", 32nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Buena, FL, July 1996.
- "Arinc 429 Protocol Tutorial", July 2004, [Online], Available: http://www.gefanucembedded.com /newsevents/whitepapers/1956/AFC-WIK.
References
Ray, A. and Luck, R., "An Introduction to Sensor Signal Validation in Redundant Measurement Systems", IEEE Control Systems, pp. 44-49, February 1991.
Holbert, K.E., Heger, A.S. and Ishaque, A.M., "Fuzzy Logic for Power Plant Signal Validation", Proceedings of the Ninth Power Plant Dynamics, Control and Testing Symposium, May 1995.
Bickford, R.L., Bickmore, T.W., Meyer, C.M. and Zakrajsek, J., "Realtime Sensor Validation for Propulsion Systems", AIAA Defense and Civil Space Programs Conference and Exhibit, October 1998.
Bickford, R.L., Bickmore, T.W. and Caluori, V.A., "Real-time Sensor Validation for Autonomous Flight Control", AIAA Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, July 1997.
Goebel, K.F. and Agogino, A.M., "Sensor Validation and Fusion Forautomated Vehicle Control Using Fuzzy Techniques", Journal of Dynamic Systems, Measurement and Control, Vol.123, pp.145-146, March 2001.
Napolitano, M.R., Windon, D.A., Casanova, J.L., Innocenti, M. and Silvestri, G., "Kalman Filters and Neural Network Schemes for Sensor Validation in Flight Control Systems", IEEE Transactions on Control Systems Technology, Vol.6, No.5, pp.596-611, September 1998.
Ibargengoytia, P.H., Sucar, L.E. and Vadera, S., "Real Time Intelligent Sensor Validation", IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, Vol.16, No.4, pp.770-775, November 2001.
Kasemsumran, S., Du, Y. -P., Li, B. -Y., Maruod, K. and Ozaki, Y., "Moving Window Cross Validation: A New Cross Validation Method for the Selection of a Rational Number of Components in a Partial Least Squares Calibration Model", The Analyst, Royal Society of Chemistry, Vol.131, pp.529-537, 2006.
Chafouk, H., Hoblos, G., Langlois, N., Gonidec, S.L. and Ragot, J., "Soft Computing Algorithm to data Validation in Aerospace Systems Using Parity Space Approach", Journal of Aerospace Engineering, pp.165-171, July 2007.
Wang, X. and Holbert, K.E., "A Neural Network Realization of Linear Least-square Estimate for Sensor Validation", Proceedings of the Ninth Power Plant Dynamics, Control and Testing Symposium, May 1995, pp.15.01-15.15.
Heimdahl, M.P., "Safety and sOftware Intensive Systems: Challenges Old and New", An International Conference on Software Engineering, May 2007, pp.137-152.
Zhang, Y.M. and Li, X.R., "Detection and Diagnosis of Sensor and Actuator Failures Using Imm Estimator", IEEE Tansactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol.34, No.4, pp.1293-1313, October 1998.
Bickford, R.L., Bickmore, T.W., Meyer, C.W. and Zakrajsek, J.F., "Real Time Flight Data Validation for Rocket Engines", 32nd AIAA/ASME/SAE/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference, Buena, FL, July 1996.
"Arinc 429 Protocol Tutorial", July 2004, [Online], Available: http://www.gefanucembedded.com /newsevents/whitepapers/1956/AFC-WIK.