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Abstract
Empirical approach has been adopted to study the effect of operating conditions on atomizing parameters and influence of such parameters on lean blowout limit in a gas turbine combustor. Poor atomization represented by higher spray drop size is found to affect adversely the lean blowout limit. Low air pressure and low fuel temperature results in a higher fuel drop size and require more energy for evaporation and combustion initiation which has to come from more fuel or higher FAR thus raising the blowout limit. Empirical relations can predict reasonably when validated and updated with more and more experimental data.
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References
- Lazic, W., Doerr, Th., Bank, R.V.D. and Rackwitz, L., "Development of Lean-Burn Low Nox Combustion Technology at Rolls-Royce Deutschland", GT2008-51115, ASME Turbo Expo, Berlin, 2008.
- Griebel, P., Boschek, E. and Janson, P., "Lean Blowout Limits and NOx Emissions of Turbulent, Lean Premixed, Hydrogen-enriched Methane/Air Flames at High Pressure", Jn. of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 127, April 2007, pp.404-410.
- Lefebvre, A. H., "Atomization and Spray", Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1989.
- Rizk, N. K. and Lefebvre, A. H., "Influence of Atomizer Design Features on Mean Drop Size", AIAA Journal, Vol.21, No.8, pp.1139-1142, 1983.
- Yixiang Yuan, et al., "LBO Performance Comparison Between Two Combustors with Different Swirl Cups", GT2011-45, ASME Turbo Expo, Vancouver, 2011.
- Rizk, N. K., "Fuel Atomization Effect on Combustor Performance", 40th AIAA/ASME/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, July 2004, AIAA 2004-3540.
- El-Shanawamy and Lefebvre, A. H., "Airblast atomization: The Effect of Linear Scale on Mean Drop Size", Journal of Energy, Vol. 4, pp. 184-189, 1980.
- Aviation fuel Handbook.
- Chin, J.S., Durrett, R. and Lefebvre, A. H., "The Interdependence of Spray Characteristics and Evaporation History of Fuel Sprays", Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, Vol.106, July 1984, pp.639-644.
- Jasuja, A. K., "Plain Jet Airblast Atomization of Alternative Liquid Petroleum Fuels Under High Ambient Air Pressure Conditions", ASME 82-GT-32, 1982.
- Zheng, Q.P., Jasuja, A. K. and Lefebvre, A. H., "Structure of Airblast Sprays Under High Ambient Pressure Conditions", Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, Vol. 119, July 1997, pp.512- 518.
- Rizk, N. K. and Lefebvre, A. H., "Spray Characteristics of Plain-Jet Airblast Atomizers," Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 106, pp. 639-644, 1984.
- Lefebvre, A. H., "Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion - Ignition, Stability and Combustion Efficiency", Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol.107, pp.24-37, 1985.
- Godsave, G. A. E., "Studies of the Combustion of Drops in a Fuel SprayThe Burning of Single Drops of Fuel", Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Baltimore, pp.818-830, 1953.
- Spalding, D. B., "Some Fundamentals of Combustion", Academic Press, New York; Butterworths Scientific Publications, London, 1955.
- Lefebvre, A. H., "Gas Turbine Combustion", Taylor and Francis, 1998.
References
Lazic, W., Doerr, Th., Bank, R.V.D. and Rackwitz, L., "Development of Lean-Burn Low Nox Combustion Technology at Rolls-Royce Deutschland", GT2008-51115, ASME Turbo Expo, Berlin, 2008.
Griebel, P., Boschek, E. and Janson, P., "Lean Blowout Limits and NOx Emissions of Turbulent, Lean Premixed, Hydrogen-enriched Methane/Air Flames at High Pressure", Jn. of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 127, April 2007, pp.404-410.
Lefebvre, A. H., "Atomization and Spray", Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1989.
Rizk, N. K. and Lefebvre, A. H., "Influence of Atomizer Design Features on Mean Drop Size", AIAA Journal, Vol.21, No.8, pp.1139-1142, 1983.
Yixiang Yuan, et al., "LBO Performance Comparison Between Two Combustors with Different Swirl Cups", GT2011-45, ASME Turbo Expo, Vancouver, 2011.
Rizk, N. K., "Fuel Atomization Effect on Combustor Performance", 40th AIAA/ASME/ASEE Joint Propulsion Conference and Exhibit, July 2004, AIAA 2004-3540.
El-Shanawamy and Lefebvre, A. H., "Airblast atomization: The Effect of Linear Scale on Mean Drop Size", Journal of Energy, Vol. 4, pp. 184-189, 1980.
Aviation fuel Handbook.
Chin, J.S., Durrett, R. and Lefebvre, A. H., "The Interdependence of Spray Characteristics and Evaporation History of Fuel Sprays", Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, Vol.106, July 1984, pp.639-644.
Jasuja, A. K., "Plain Jet Airblast Atomization of Alternative Liquid Petroleum Fuels Under High Ambient Air Pressure Conditions", ASME 82-GT-32, 1982.
Zheng, Q.P., Jasuja, A. K. and Lefebvre, A. H., "Structure of Airblast Sprays Under High Ambient Pressure Conditions", Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbine and Power, Vol. 119, July 1997, pp.512- 518.
Rizk, N. K. and Lefebvre, A. H., "Spray Characteristics of Plain-Jet Airblast Atomizers," Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol. 106, pp. 639-644, 1984.
Lefebvre, A. H., "Fuel Effects on Gas Turbine Combustion - Ignition, Stability and Combustion Efficiency", Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power, Vol.107, pp.24-37, 1985.
Godsave, G. A. E., "Studies of the Combustion of Drops in a Fuel SprayThe Burning of Single Drops of Fuel", Fourth Symposium (International) on Combustion, Baltimore, pp.818-830, 1953.
Spalding, D. B., "Some Fundamentals of Combustion", Academic Press, New York; Butterworths Scientific Publications, London, 1955.
Lefebvre, A. H., "Gas Turbine Combustion", Taylor and Francis, 1998.