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Abstract
This paper describes a methodology for conceptual design and sizing of a UAV to be used for snow cover evaluation and other scientific studies in lower Himalayas. The problem is posed in a multi-criteria optimization framework with wing span (representing size) and stall speed (representing performance) as the two conflicting objective functions. Eleven design variables are considered, which relate to the geometry and mass. In addition, an engine selection parameter is also used. Inequality and equality constraints are imposed on the design. The design is optimized with genetic algorithm independently for takeoff mass and stall speed. Multi-objective optimization is carried out for the stall speed and wing span as objective functions. For most cases, the optimum configuration has the lowest wing aspect ratio, highest wing t/c ratio, smallest aircraft length and highest flap area fraction. Low aspect ratio and high t/c for the wing result in lower wing weight.
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References
- Donovan, W., "CReSIS Preliminary Design Review", The Meridian, University of Kansas, CReSIS TR 125, 2007.
- Kansal, J., Pant, R. S. and Sarwade R. N., "Optimum Configuration Design for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Snow Cover Evaluation", Proceedings of the International Conference on Snow Studies and Avalanches (ISSA-09), International Glaciological Society, Manali, Himachal Pradesh, India, April, 2009.
- Sharma, S. C., "Feasibility Study for the Design and Development of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for the Evaluation of Snow Cover", Technical Report, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, 2007.
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- Donovan, W. R., Hale, R. D. and Liu, W., "The Design and Structural Analysis of the Meridian Unmanned Aircraft", Paper AIAA-2008-2261, 49th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Schaumburg, IL, USA, 2008.
- Donovan, W. R., "The Design of an Uninhabited Air Vehicle for Remote Sensing in the Cryosphere", Masters Dissertation, Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Kansas, USA, 2007.
- Turnbull, A. and Fielding, J. P., "The Development of a Preliminary Sizing Method for Unmanned Air Vehicles", Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on "Remotely Powered Vehicles", Bristol, UK, September, 1988, pp.15.1-15.7.
- Gundlach, J. F., "Multi-Disciplinary Optimization of Subsonic Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Projected Through 2025", Doctoral Thesis, Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, February, 2004.
- Raymer, D. P., "Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach", 4th Edition, AIAA Education Series, 2006.
- Weick, F. E., "Simplified Propeller Design for Low-Powered Airplanes", NACA-TN 212, 1925.
- Williams, J. E. and Vukelich, S. R., "The USAF Stability and Control DATCOM", Vol.1, User Manual, AFFDL-TR-79-3032 Updated by PDAS, 1999.
- Anderson, J. D., "Aircraft Performance and Design", McGraw Hill Education Series, ISBN No. 978-0070019713, 1999.
- Mair, A., "Aircraft Performance", Cambridge Aerospace Series, 1996, ISBN 0521362644.
- Neufeld, D. J. and Joon, C., "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Conceptual Design Using a Genetic Algorithm and Data Mining", 5th Aviation Technology Integration and Operation Conference, AIAA, Arlington, Virginia, September, 2005.
- Dineshkumar, M., "Multi-Criteria Design Optimization of UAV For Snow Studies over Lower Himalayas", Masters Dissertation, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India, 2010.
- David Edward Goldberg., "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning", 1989, Addison-Wesley.
- Rajagopal, S. and Ganguli, R., "Conceptual Design of UAV Using Kriging Based Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm", The Aeronautical Journal, Vol.112, No.1137, November, 2008.
References
Donovan, W., "CReSIS Preliminary Design Review", The Meridian, University of Kansas, CReSIS TR 125, 2007.
Kansal, J., Pant, R. S. and Sarwade R. N., "Optimum Configuration Design for an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for Snow Cover Evaluation", Proceedings of the International Conference on Snow Studies and Avalanches (ISSA-09), International Glaciological Society, Manali, Himachal Pradesh, India, April, 2009.
Sharma, S. C., "Feasibility Study for the Design and Development of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle for the Evaluation of Snow Cover", Technical Report, Punjab Engineering College, Chandigarh, 2007.
Donovan, W. R. and Hale, R. D., "The Design of an Uninhabited Air Vehicle for Use in Polar Research", Paper SAE 06GATC-77, SAE General Aviation Technology Conference, Wichita, KS, USA, 2006.
Donovan, W. R., Hale, R. D. and Liu, W., "The Design and Structural Analysis of the Meridian Unmanned Aircraft", Paper AIAA-2008-2261, 49th AIAA/ASME/ASCE/AHS/ASC Structures, Structural Dynamics, and Materials Conference, Schaumburg, IL, USA, 2008.
Donovan, W. R., "The Design of an Uninhabited Air Vehicle for Remote Sensing in the Cryosphere", Masters Dissertation, Department of Aerospace Engineering, University of Kansas, USA, 2007.
Turnbull, A. and Fielding, J. P., "The Development of a Preliminary Sizing Method for Unmanned Air Vehicles", Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on "Remotely Powered Vehicles", Bristol, UK, September, 1988, pp.15.1-15.7.
Gundlach, J. F., "Multi-Disciplinary Optimization of Subsonic Fixed-Wing Unmanned Aerial Vehicles Projected Through 2025", Doctoral Thesis, Aerospace and Ocean Engineering Department, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia, February, 2004.
Raymer, D. P., "Aircraft Design: A Conceptual Approach", 4th Edition, AIAA Education Series, 2006.
Weick, F. E., "Simplified Propeller Design for Low-Powered Airplanes", NACA-TN 212, 1925.
Williams, J. E. and Vukelich, S. R., "The USAF Stability and Control DATCOM", Vol.1, User Manual, AFFDL-TR-79-3032 Updated by PDAS, 1999.
Anderson, J. D., "Aircraft Performance and Design", McGraw Hill Education Series, ISBN No. 978-0070019713, 1999.
Mair, A., "Aircraft Performance", Cambridge Aerospace Series, 1996, ISBN 0521362644.
Neufeld, D. J. and Joon, C., "Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Conceptual Design Using a Genetic Algorithm and Data Mining", 5th Aviation Technology Integration and Operation Conference, AIAA, Arlington, Virginia, September, 2005.
Dineshkumar, M., "Multi-Criteria Design Optimization of UAV For Snow Studies over Lower Himalayas", Masters Dissertation, Department of Aerospace Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, India, 2010.
David Edward Goldberg., "Genetic Algorithms in Search, Optimization, and Machine Learning", 1989, Addison-Wesley.
Rajagopal, S. and Ganguli, R., "Conceptual Design of UAV Using Kriging Based Multi-objective Genetic Algorithm", The Aeronautical Journal, Vol.112, No.1137, November, 2008.