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Abstract
Non-ideal explosives as compared to conventional high explosives have enhanced thermal and blast effects. This class of explosives is characterized by relatively low detonation parameters, a wide zone of chemical reactions and a sustained thermal and pressure effects compared to the class of ideal explosives. In these explosives reaction occurs in three phases [4]. Non-ideal explosives include thermobaric, solid fuel air explosive and Enhanced blast Explosives. Presence of metal particles pertubs the decomposition of explosive due to the combustion of metal particles leading to delay in ideal detonation phenomenon and leads to long duration overpressure, higher impulse and liberation of heat due to the afterburning of detonation products with air.These compositions can be optimized for high heat output, high blast output or a combination of both.
In this work, to get a better undertsanding of how much of each ingredient is necessary so as to get an optimized enhanced blast performance a simple model based on thermochemical approach [1] was developed. And two parameters were chosen for calculations - heat of explosion (Qex) to cater the detonics effects and power of explosive to cater for the aftereffects of explosion. Based on the structure of explosives suitable decomposition paths were proposed and the values of Qex and power of explosive were calculated [10].
In order to save time and ease calculations a code has been developed in C language.The code developed was validated through data of explosives reported in literature [1], [2] and the values of Qex and power were compared with the values obtained from code and the results obtained were with in the range of ±10% (Fig.3 and 4).The code developed has the capability of being customized from the user’s/explosive processing perspective, so that suitable selection can be done before processing of explosive composition thereby saving time and resources. This approach aims at exploring the potential of CHNOAl based molecule for its application in enhancing the blast effects.
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References
- Akhavan, J., Chemistry of Explosives.
- Radwan, M.A., "Explosive Characteristics of Aluminized Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Octogen and Polyurethane Binder", 32nd International Annual Conference ICT, 2001, pp. 44-1-44-9.
- Lebel Luke, S. and Brousseau Patrick., "Thermochemistry of the Combustion of Gas Phase and Condensed Phase Detonation Products in an Explosive Fireball", Combustion and Flame.
- Trzciñski Waldemar, A., "Thermobaric and Enhanced Blast Explosives Properties and Testing Methods", Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics, April 2016.
- Hahma, A., Palovuori, K. and Solomon, Y., "TNT-Equivalency of Thermobaric Explosives", 36th International Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 28 June - 01 July 2005, V10.
- Agarwal, J.P., Chemistry of Explosives.
- Hobbs, M.L. and Baer, M.R., "Calibrating the BKW-EOS with a Large Product Species Database and Measured C-J Properties", Tenth International Symposium on Detonation, Boston, 1993.
- Fedoroff Basil, T., "Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, Vol.1.
- Fedoroff Basil, T., "Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, Vol.8.
- Narang, J.K., Gupta, D. and Mukherjee, N., "Development of C Code for Modeling Detonics and Blast Performance of Non-ideal Aluminized Explosives", National Symposium on Shock Waves, NSSW-2018, Chandigarh, India
- Narang, J.K., "Model for Determination of Detonation Properties of C-H-N-O Based Halogenated Polymer Bonded Explosives (PBX)", 11th International High Energy Materials Conference and Exhibits (HEMCE-2017), High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL), Pune, 23-25 Nov 2017.
References
Akhavan, J., Chemistry of Explosives.
Radwan, M.A., "Explosive Characteristics of Aluminized Plastic Bonded Explosives Based on Octogen and Polyurethane Binder", 32nd International Annual Conference ICT, 2001, pp. 44-1-44-9.
Lebel Luke, S. and Brousseau Patrick., "Thermochemistry of the Combustion of Gas Phase and Condensed Phase Detonation Products in an Explosive Fireball", Combustion and Flame.
Trzciñski Waldemar, A., "Thermobaric and Enhanced Blast Explosives Properties and Testing Methods", Propellants Explosives Pyrotechnics, April 2016.
Hahma, A., Palovuori, K. and Solomon, Y., "TNT-Equivalency of Thermobaric Explosives", 36th International Annual Conference of ICT, Karlsruhe, Germany, 28 June - 01 July 2005, V10.
Agarwal, J.P., Chemistry of Explosives.
Hobbs, M.L. and Baer, M.R., "Calibrating the BKW-EOS with a Large Product Species Database and Measured C-J Properties", Tenth International Symposium on Detonation, Boston, 1993.
Fedoroff Basil, T., "Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, Vol.1.
Fedoroff Basil, T., "Encyclopedia of Explosives and Related Items, Vol.8.
Narang, J.K., Gupta, D. and Mukherjee, N., "Development of C Code for Modeling Detonics and Blast Performance of Non-ideal Aluminized Explosives", National Symposium on Shock Waves, NSSW-2018, Chandigarh, India
Narang, J.K., "Model for Determination of Detonation Properties of C-H-N-O Based Halogenated Polymer Bonded Explosives (PBX)", 11th International High Energy Materials Conference and Exhibits (HEMCE-2017), High Energy Materials Research Laboratory (HEMRL), Pune, 23-25 Nov 2017.