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Abstract
The paper presents the modeling of the nonlinear longitudinal aerodynamics associated with the cascade fins and scale-down model of a delta-wing aircraft at high angles of attack. The Kirchhoff’s steady-state stall model was used to model the stall characteristics and the Maximum Likelihood (ML) method was used to estimate the stall characteristic parameters. The cascade fin models with a rectangular and an airfoil (NACA-0012) cross-section were used to generate the variation of lift coefficient with angle of attack. The wind tunnel data pertaining to the cascade fin models were generated by varying the gap-to-chord ratios with and without end plates. The effect of end plates and the gap-to-chord ratio on the stall characteristics and the parameter estimation was analysed. The estimation results were compared to the reference results. In addition, the application of the Kirchhoffs steady-stall model to the scale-down model of a delta-wing aircraft has also been presented. The analysis pertaining to the cascade fins can be utilized as a basis for an initial design of cascade fins for guided missiles with desirable stall characteristics.
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References
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- Klein, V., "Modeling of Longitudinal Unsteady Aerodynamic of a Wing-tal Combination", NASA CR-1999-209547, September, 1999.
- Abramov, N., Goman, M. and Khrabrov, A., "Aircraft Dynamics at High Incidence Flight with Account of Unsteady Aerodynamic Effects", AIAA Paper, 2004-5274, 2004.
- Leishman, J.G. and Nguyen, K.Q., "State-space Representation of Unsteady Airfoil Behavior", AIAA Journal, Vol.28, No.5, 1990.
- Goman, M. and Khrabrov, A., "State-space Representation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aircraft at High Angles of Attack", Journal of Aircraft, Vol.31, No.5, 1990.
- Fischenberg, D., Identification of an Unsteady Aerodynamic Stall Model from Flight Test Data, AIAA Paper, 95-3438, Aug. 1995.
- Greenwell, D.I., "A Review of Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling for Flight Dynamics of Manoeuvrable Aircraft", AIAA Paper, 2004-5276, August, 2004.
- Fischenberg, D. and Jategaonkar, R. V., "Identification of Aircraft Stall Behavior from Flight Test Data", RTO-MP-11, Paper No.17, March, 1999.
- Fleeman, E. L., "Tactical Missile Design", AIAA Education Series, 2001.
- Simpson, G. M. and Sadler, A. J., "Lattice Controls: A Comparison with Conventional Planar Fins", Proceedings of the NATORTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel Symposium on Missile Aerodynamics,
- RTO-MP-5, NATO Research and Technology Organization, pp. (9-1)-(9-10), 1998.
- Belotserkovskiy, S. M. et al., "Wings with Internal Framework", Machine Translation, FTD-ID (RS)-
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- Washington, W. D. and Miller, M.S., "Grid Fins-A New Concept for Missile Stability and Control",
- AIAA Paper 93-0035, Reston, VA, January, 1993.
- DeSpirito, J., Edge, L.H., Weinacht, P., Sahu, J. and Dinavashi, S., "Computational Fluid Dynamics
- Analysis of Missile with Grid Fins", Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol.38, No.5, SeptemberOctober, 2001.
- Washington, W.D. and Miller, M.S., "Experimental Investigation of Grid Fin Aerodynamics: A Synopsis
- of Nine Wind Tunnel and Three Flight Tests", Symposium on "Missile Aerodynamics", Sorrento, Italy,
- -14 May, 1998.
- Misra A., "Investigation of Grid and Cascade Fins for Missile Flight Stabilization and Control", Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, April, 2009.
- Jategaonkar, R. V., "Flight Vehicle System Identification - A Time Domain Methodology", AIAA Progress in Aeronautics and Astronautics, Vol.216, AIAA, Reston, VA, August, 2006.
- Manoj, K., "Design of 5 Degrees-of-freedom Dynamic Test Rig for Aerodynamic Characterization of
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References
Klein, V. and Noderer, K.D., "Modeling of Aircraft Unsteady Aerodynamic Characteristics, Part-1 : Postulated Models", NASA TM-109120, May, 1994.
Klein, V., "Modeling of Longitudinal Unsteady Aerodynamic of a Wing-tal Combination", NASA CR-1999-209547, September, 1999.
Abramov, N., Goman, M. and Khrabrov, A., "Aircraft Dynamics at High Incidence Flight with Account of Unsteady Aerodynamic Effects", AIAA Paper, 2004-5274, 2004.
Leishman, J.G. and Nguyen, K.Q., "State-space Representation of Unsteady Airfoil Behavior", AIAA Journal, Vol.28, No.5, 1990.
Goman, M. and Khrabrov, A., "State-space Representation of Aerodynamic Characteristics of an Aircraft at High Angles of Attack", Journal of Aircraft, Vol.31, No.5, 1990.
Fischenberg, D., Identification of an Unsteady Aerodynamic Stall Model from Flight Test Data, AIAA Paper, 95-3438, Aug. 1995.
Greenwell, D.I., "A Review of Unsteady Aerodynamic Modeling for Flight Dynamics of Manoeuvrable Aircraft", AIAA Paper, 2004-5276, August, 2004.
Fischenberg, D. and Jategaonkar, R. V., "Identification of Aircraft Stall Behavior from Flight Test Data", RTO-MP-11, Paper No.17, March, 1999.
Fleeman, E. L., "Tactical Missile Design", AIAA Education Series, 2001.
Simpson, G. M. and Sadler, A. J., "Lattice Controls: A Comparison with Conventional Planar Fins", Proceedings of the NATORTO Applied Vehicle Technology Panel Symposium on Missile Aerodynamics,
RTO-MP-5, NATO Research and Technology Organization, pp. (9-1)-(9-10), 1998.
Belotserkovskiy, S. M. et al., "Wings with Internal Framework", Machine Translation, FTD-ID (RS)-
-86. Foreign Technology Division, February, 1987.
Washington, W. D. and Miller, M.S., "Grid Fins-A New Concept for Missile Stability and Control",
AIAA Paper 93-0035, Reston, VA, January, 1993.
DeSpirito, J., Edge, L.H., Weinacht, P., Sahu, J. and Dinavashi, S., "Computational Fluid Dynamics
Analysis of Missile with Grid Fins", Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets, Vol.38, No.5, SeptemberOctober, 2001.
Washington, W.D. and Miller, M.S., "Experimental Investigation of Grid Fin Aerodynamics: A Synopsis
of Nine Wind Tunnel and Three Flight Tests", Symposium on "Missile Aerodynamics", Sorrento, Italy,
-14 May, 1998.
Misra A., "Investigation of Grid and Cascade Fins for Missile Flight Stabilization and Control", Ph.D. Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, April, 2009.
Jategaonkar, R. V., "Flight Vehicle System Identification - A Time Domain Methodology", AIAA Progress in Aeronautics and Astronautics, Vol.216, AIAA, Reston, VA, August, 2006.
Manoj, K., "Design of 5 Degrees-of-freedom Dynamic Test Rig for Aerodynamic Characterization of
Flight Vehicle", M.Tech Thesis, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, May, 2010.